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A TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE TRIBES OF
INDIANS CALLED THE WYANDOTS, DELAWARES, SHAWANOES, OTTAWAS, CHIPEWAS,
PUTAWATIMES, MIAMIS, EEL-RIVER, WEEAS, KICKAPOOS, PIANKASHAWS AND
KASKASKIAS.
To put an end to a destructive war, to settle all
controversies, and to restore harmony and friendly intercourse between the said
United States and Indian tribes, Anthony Wayne, major general commanding the
army of the United States, and sole commissioner for the good purposes above
mentioned, and the said tribes of Indians, by their sachems, chiefs, and
warriors, met together at Greenville, the head quarters of the said army, have
agreed on the following articles, which, when ratified by the President, with
the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on
them and the said Indian tribes.
ARTICLE I
Henceforth all hostilities shall cease; peace is hereby
established, and shall be perpetual; and a friendly intercourse shall take place
between the said United States and Indian tribes.
ARTICLE II
All prisoners shall, on both sides, be restored. The Indians,
prisoners to the United States, shall be immediately set at liberty. The people
of the United States, still remaining prisoners among the Indians, shall be
delivered up in ninety days from the date hereof, to the general or commanding
officer at Greeneville, Fort Wayne, or Fort Defiance; and ten chiefs of the said
tribes shall remain at Greeneville as hostages, until the delivery of the
prisoners shall be effected.
ARTICLE III
The general boundary line between the lands of the United
States and the lands of the said Indian tribes, shall begin at the mouth of
Cayahoga river, and run thence up the same to the portage, between that and the
Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum, thence down that branch to the crossing
place above Fort Lawrence, thence westerly to a fork of that branch of the Great
Miami river, running into the Ohio, at or near which fork stood Loromie's store,
and where commences the portage between the Miami of the Ohio, and St. Mary's
river, which is a branch ofthe Miami which runs into lake Erie; thence a
westerly course to Fort Recovery, which stands on a branch of the Wabash; thence
south-westerly in a direct line to the Ohio, so as to intersect that river
opposite the mouth of Kentucke or Cuttawa river. And in consideration of the
peace now established; of the goods formerly received from the United States; of
those now to be delivered; and of the yearly delivery of goods now stipulated to
be made hereafter; and to indemnify the United States for the injuries and
expenses they have sustained during the war, the said Indian tribes do hereby
cede and relinquish forever, all their claims to the lands lying eastwardly and
southwardly of the general boundary line now described: and these lands, or any
part of them, shall never hereafter be made a cause or pretence, on the part of
the said tribes, or any of them, of war or injury to the United States, or any
of the people thereof. And for the same considerations, and as an evidence of
the returning friendship of the said Indian tribes, of their confidence in the
United States, and desire to provide for their accommodations, and for that
convenient intercourse which will be beneficial to both parties, the said Indian
tribes do also cede to the United States the following pieces of land, to wit:
(1) One piece of land six miles square, at or near Loromie's store, before
mentioned. (2) One piece two miles square, at the head of the navigable water or
landing, on the St. Mary's river, near Girty's town. (3) One piece six miles
square, at the head of the navigable water of the Auglaize river. (4) One piece
six miles square, at the confluence of the Auglaize and Miami rivers, where Fort
Defiance now stands. (5) One piece six miles square, at or near the confluence
of the rivers St. Mary's and St. Joseph's, where Fort Wayne now stands, or near
it. (6) One piece two miles square, on the Wabash river, at the end of the
portage from the Miami of the lake, and about eight miles westward from Fort
Wayne. (7) One piece six miles square, at the Ouatanon, or Old Wea towns, on the
Wabash river. (8) One piece twelve miles square, at the British fort on the
Miami of the lake, at the foot of the rapids. (9) One piece six miles square, at
the mouth of the said river, where it empties into the lake. (10) One piece six
miles square, upon Sandusky lake, where a fort formerly stood. (11) One piece
two miles square, at the lower rapids of Sandusky river. (12) The post of
Detroit, and all the land to the north, the west and the south of it, of which
the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or
English governments: and so much more land to be annexed to the district of
Detroit, as shall be comprehended between the river Rosine, on the south, Lake
St. Clair on the north, and a line, the general course whereof shall be six
miles distant from the west end of lake Erie and Detroit river. (13) The post of
Michilimackinac, and all the land on the island on which that post stands, and
the main land adjacent, of which the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts
or grants to the French or English governments; and a piece of land on the main
to the north of the island, to measure six miles, on Lake Huron, or the strait
between lakes Huron and Michigan, and to extend three miles back from the water
of the lake or strait; and also, the Island De Bois Blane, being an extra and
voluntary gift of the Chippewa nation. (14) One piece of land six miles square,
at the mouth of Chikagoriver, emptying into the southwest end of LakeMichigan,
where a fort formerly stood. (15) One piece twelve miles square, at or near the
mouth of the Illinois river, emptying into the Mississippi. (16) One piece six
miles square, at the old Piorias fort and village near the south end of the
Illinois lake, on said Illinois river. And whenever the United States shall
think proper to survey and mark the boundaries of the lands hereby ceded to
them, they shall give timely notice thereof to the said tribes of Indians, that
they may appoint some of their wise chiefs to attend and see that the lines are
run according to the terms of this treaty. And the said Indian tribes will allow
to the people of the United States a free passage by land and by water, as one
and the other shall be found convenient, through their country, along the chain
of posts herein-before mentioned; that is to say, from the commencement of the
portage aforesaid, at or near Loromie's store, thence along said portage to the
St. Mary's, and down the same to fort Wayne, and then down the Miami, to lake
Erie; again, from the commencement of the portage at or near Loromie's store
along the portage from thence to the river Auglaize, and down thesame to its
junction with the Miami at fort Defiance; again, from the commencement of the
portage aforesaid, to Sandusky river, and down the same to Sandusky bay and lake
Erie, and from Sandusky to the post which shall be taken at or near the foot of
the Rapids of the Miami of the lake; and from thence to Detroit. Again, from the
mouth of Chikago, to the commencement of the portage, between that river and the
Illinois, and down the Illinois river to the Mississippi; also, from Fort Wayne,
along the portage aforesaid, which leads to the Wabash, and then down the Wabash
to the Ohio. And the said Indian tribes will also allow to the people of the
United States, the free use of the harbors and mouths of rivers along the lakes
adjoining the Indian lands, for sheltering vessels and boats, and liberty to
land their cargoes where necessary for their safety.
ARTICLE IV
In consideration of the peace now established, and of the
cessions and relinquishment of lands made in the preceding article by the said
tribes of Indians, and to manifest the liberality of the United States, as the
great means of rendering this peace strong and perpetual, the United States
relinquish their claims to all other Indian lands northward of the river Ohio,
eastward of the Mississippi, and westward and southward of the Great Lakes and
the waters, uniting them, according to the boundary line agreed on by the United
States and the King of Great Britain, in the treaty of peace made between them
in the year 1783. But from this relinquishment by the United States, the
following tracts of land are explicitly excepted: 1st. The tract on one hundred
and fifty thousand acres near the rapids of the river Ohio, which has been
assigned to General Clark, for the use of himself and his warriors. 2nd. The
post of St. Vincennes, on the River Wabash, and the lands adjacent, of which the
Indian title has been extinguished. 3rd. The lands at all other places in
possession of the French people and other white settlers among them, of which
the Indian title has been extinguished as mentioned in the 3d article; and 4th.
The post of fort Massac towards the mouth of the Ohio. To which several parcels
of land so excepted, the said tribes relinquish all the title and claim which
they or any of them may have. And for the same considerations and with the same
views as above mentioned, the United States now deliver to the said Indian
tribes a quantity of goods to the value of twenty thousand dollars, the receipt
whereof they do hereby acknowledge; and henceforward every year, forever, the
United States will deliver, at some convenient place northward of the river
Ohio, like useful goods, suited to the circumstances of the Indians, of the
value of nine thousand five hundred dollars; reckoning that value at the first
cost of the goods in the city or place in the United States where they shall be
procured. The tribes to which those goods are to be annually delivered, and the
proportions in which they are to be delivered, are the following: 1st. To the
Wyandots, the amount of one thousand dollars. 2nd. To the Delawares, the amount
of one thousand dollars. 3rd. To the Shawanees, the amount of one thousand
dollars. 4th. To the Miamis, the amount of one thousand dollars. 5th. To the
Ottawas, the amount of one thousand dollars. 6th. To the Chippewas, the amount
of one thousand dollars. 7th. To the Pattawatimas, the amount of one thousand
dollars, and 8th. To the Kickapoo, Wea, Eel River, Piankeshaw, and Kaskaskia
tribes, the amount of five hundred dollars each. Provided, that if either of the
said tribes shall hereafter, at an annual delivery of their share of the goods
aforesaid, desire that a part of their annuity should be furnished in domestic
animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils convenient for them, and in
compensation to useful artificers who may reside with or near them, and be
employed for their benefit, the same shall, at the subsequent annual deliveries,
be furnished accordingly.
ARTICLE V
To prevent any misunderstanding about the Indian lands
relinquished by the United States in the fourth article, it is now explicitly
declared, that the meaning of that relinquishment is this: the Indian tribes who
have a right to those lands, are quietly to enjoy them, hunting, planting, and
dwelling thereon, so long as they please, without any molestation from the
United States; but when those tribes, or any of them, shall be disposed to sell
their lands, or any part of them, they are to be sold only to the United States;
and until such sale, the United States will protect all the said Indian tribes
in the quiet enjoyment of their lands against all citizens of the United States,
and against all other white persons who intrude upon the same. And the said
Indian tribes again acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the
said United States, and no other power whatever.
ARTICLE VI
If any citizen of the United States, or any other white person
or persons, shall presume to settle upon the lands now relinquished by the
United States, such citizen or other person shall be out of the protection of
the United States; and the Indian tribe, on whose land the settlement shall be
made, may drive off the settler, or punish him in such manner as they shall
think fit; and because such settlements, made without the consent of the United
States, will be injurious to them as well as to the Indians, the United States
shall be at liberty to break them up, and remove and punish the settlers as they
shall think proper, and so effect that protection of the Indian lands herein
before stipulated.
ARTICLE VII
The said tribes of Indians, parties to this treaty, shall be at
liberty to hunt within the territory and lands which they have now ceded to the
United States, without hindrance or molestation, so long as they demean
themselves peaceably, and offer no injury to the people of the United
States.
ARTICLE VIII
Trade shall be opened with the said Indian tribes; and they do
hereby respectively engage to afford protection to such persons, with their
property, as shall be duly licensed to reside among them for the purpose of
trade; and to their agents and servants; but no person shall be permitted to
reside among them for the purpose of trade; and to their agents and servants;
but no person shall be permitted to reside at any of their towns or hunting
camps, as a trader, who is not furnished with a license for that purpose, under
the hand and seal of the superintendent of the department northwest of the Ohio,
or such other person as the President of the United States shall authorize to
grant such licenses; to the end, that the said Indians may not be imposed on in
their trade. And if any licensed trader shall abuse his privilege by unfair
dealing, upon complaint and proof thereof, his license shall be taken from him,
and he shall be further punished according to the laws of the United States. And
if any person shall intrude himself as a trader, without such license, the said
Indians shall take and bring him before the superintendent, or his deputy, to be
dealt with according to law. And to prevent impositions by forged licenses, the
said Indians shall, at lease once a year, give information to the
superintendent, or his deputies, on the names of the traders residing among
them.
ARTICLE IX
Lest the firm peace and friendship now established, should be
interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, the United States, and the said
Indian tribes agree, that for injuries done by individuals on either side, no
private revenge or retaliation shall take place; but instead thereof, complaint
shall be made by the party injured, to the other: by the said Indian tribes or
any of them, to the President of theUnited States, or the superintendent by him
appointed; and by the superintendent or other person appointed by the President,
to the principal chiefs of the said Indian tribes, or of the tribe to which the
offender belongs; and such prudent measures shall then betaken as shall be
necessary to preserve the said peace and friendship unbroken, until the
legislature (or great council) of the United States, shall make other equitable
provision in the case, to the satisfaction of both parties. Should any Indian
tribes meditate a war against the United States, or either of them, and the same
shall come to the knowledge of the before-mentioned tribes, or either of them,
they do hereby engage to give immediate notice thereof to thegeneral, or officer
commanding the troops of theUnited States, at the nearest post.
And should any tribe, with hostile intentions against the
United States, or either of them, attempt to pass through their country, they
will endeavor to prevent the same, and in like manner give information of such
attempt, to the general, or officer commanding, as soon as possible, that all
causes of mistrust and suspicion may be avoided between them and the United
States. In like manner, the United States shall give notice to the said Indian
tribes of any harm that maybe meditated against them, or either of them, that
shall come to their knowledge; and do all in their power to hinder and prevent
the same, that the friendship between them may be uninterrupted.
ARTICLE X
All other treaties heretofore made between the United States,
and the said Indian tribes, or any of them, since the treaty of 1783, between
theUnited States and Great Britain, that come within the purview of this treaty,
shall henceforth cease and become void.
In testimony whereof, the said Anthony Wayne, and the sachems
and war chiefs of the before-mentioned nations and tribes of Indians, have
hereunto set their hands and affixed their Seals.
Done at Greeneville, in the territory of the United States
north-west of the river Ohio, on the third Day of August, one thousand seven
hundred and ninety-five.
WYANDOTS.
Tarhe, or Crane, his x mark L.S.
J.
Williams, jun. his x mark, L.S.
Teyyaghtaw, his x mark,
L.S.
Haroenyou, (or half king's son), his x mark,
L.S.
Tehaawtorens, his x mark, L.S.
Awmeyeeray, his x mark, L.S.
Stayetah, his x
mark L.S.
Shateyyaronyah, or (Leather Lips), his x
mark, L.S.
Daughshuttayah, his x mark L.S.
Shaawrunthe, his x mark L.S.
DELAWARES.
Tetabokshke, (or Grand Glaize King), his x mark, L.S.
Lemantanquis, (or Black King), his x mark, L.S.
Wabatthoe, his x mark, L.S.
Maghpiway, (or Red Feather), his x mark, L.S.
Kikthawenund, (or Anderson), his x mark, L.S.
Bukongehelas, his x mark, L.S.
Peekeelund, his
x mark, L.S.
Wellebawkeelund, his x mark, L.S.
Peekeetelemund, (or Thomas Adams), his x mark, L.S.
Kishkopekund, (or Captain Buffalo), his x mark, L.S.
Amenahehan, (or Captain Crow), his x mark, L.S.
Queshawksey, (or George Washington), his x mark, L.S.
Weywinquis, (or Billy Siscomb), his x mark, L.S.
Moses, his x mark, L.S.
SHAWANOES.
Misquacoonacaw, (or Red Pole), his x mark, L.S.
Cutthewekasaw, (or Black Hoof), his x mark, L.S.
Kaysewaesekah, his x mark, L.S.
Weythapamattha, his x mark, L.S.
Nianysmeka,
his x mark, L.S.
Waytheah, (or Long Shanks), his x
mark, L.S.
Weyapiersenwaw, (or Blue Jacket), his x
mark, L.S.
Nequetaughaw, his x mark, L.S.
Hahgoosekaw, (or Captain Reed), his x mark, L.S.
OTTAWAS.
Augooshaway, his x mark, L.S.
Keenoshameek, his x mark, L.S.
La Malice, his x
mark, L.S.
Machiwetah, his x mark, L.S.
Thowonawa, his x mark, L.S.
Secaw,
his x mark, L.S.
CHIPPEWAS.
Mashipinashiwish, (or Bad Bird), his x mark, L.S.
Nahshogashe, (from Lake Superior), his x mark, L.S.
Kathawasung, his x mark, L.S.
Masass,
his x mark, L.S.
Nemekass, (or Little Thunder), his x
mark, L.S.
Peshawkay, (or Young Ox), his x mark,
L.S.
Nanguey, his x mark, L.S.
Meenedohgeesogh, his x mark, L.S.
Peewanshemenogh, his x mark, L.S.
Weymegwas,
his x mark, L.S.
Gobmaatick, his x mark, L.S.
OTTAWA.
Chegonickska, an Ottawa from Sandusky, his x mark, L.S.
PUTAWATIMES OF THE RIVER ST. JOSEPH.
Thupenebu, his x mark, L.S.
Nawac, for
himself and brother Etsimethe, his x mark, L.S.
Nenanseka, his x mark, L.S.
Keesass, or Run,
his x mark, L.S.
Kabamasaw, for himself and brother
Chisaugan, his x mark, L.S.
Sugganunk, his x mark,
L.S.
Wapmeme, (or White Pigeon), his x mark,
L.S.
Wacheness, for himself and brother Pedagoshok, his
x mark, L.S.
Wabshicawnaw, his x mark, L.S.
La Chasse, his x mark, L.S.
Meshegethenogh, for himself and brother, Wawasek, his x mark,
L.S.
Hingoswash, his x mark, L.S.
Anewasaw, his x mark, L.S.
Nawbudgh, his x
mark, L.S.
Missenogomaw, his x mark, L.S.
Waweegshe, his x mark, L.S.
Thawme,
or Le Blanc, his x mark, L.S.
Geeque, for himself and
brother Shewinse, his x mark, L.S.
PATAWATAMES OF HURON.
Okia, his x mark, L.S.
Chamung, his x
mark, L.S.
Segagewan, his x mark, L.S.
Nanawme, for himself and brother A. Gin, his x mark, L.S.
Marchand, his x mark, L.S.
Wenameac,
his x mark, L.S.
MIAMIES.
Nagohquangogh, (or Le Gris),
his x mark, L.S.
Meshekunnoghquoh, (or Little Turtle),
his x mark, L.S.
MIAMIS AND EEL RIVER.
Peejeewa, (or Richard Ville), his x mark, L.S.
Cochkepoghtogh, his x mark, L.S.
EEL RIVER TRIBE.
Shamekunnesa, (or Soldier), his x mark, L.S.
MIAMIS.
Wapamangwa, (or the White Loon), his x mark, L.S.
WEAS, FOR THEMSELVES AND THE PIANKASHAWS.
Amacunsa, (or Little Beaver), his x mark, L.S.
Acoolatha, (or Little Fox), his x mark, L.S.
Francis, his x mark, L.S.
KICKAPOOS AND KASKASKIAS.
Keeawhah, his x mark, L.S.
Nemighka,
(or Josey Renard), his x mark, L.S.
Paikeekanogh, his x
mark, L.S.
DELAWARES OF SANDUSKY.
Hawkinpumiska, his x mark, L.S.
Peyamawksey, his x mark, L.S.
Reyntueco, (of
the Six Nations, living at Sandusky), his x mark, L.S.
H. De Butts, first A.D.C. and Sec'y to Major Gen. Wayne,
Wm. H. Harrison, Aid de Camp to Major Gen. Wayne,
T. Lewis, Aid de Camp to Major Gen. Wayne,
James O'Hara, Quartermaster Gen'l.
John Mills,
Major of Infantry, and Adj. Gen'l.
Caleb Swan,
P.M.T.U.S.
Gen. Demter, Lieut. Artillery,
Vigo, P. Frs. La Fontaine, Ast. Lasselle, Sworn
interpreters.
H. Lasselle,
Wm.
Wells, Js.
Beau Bien,
Jacques
Lasselle,
David Jones, Chaplain U.S.
S. M. Morins,
Lewis Beaufait,
Bt. Sans Crainte,
R. Lachambre,
Christopher Miller,
Jas.
Pepen,
Robert Wilson,
Baties
Coutien,
Abraham Williams, his x mark
P. Navarre.
Isaac Zane, his x mark
Source: The Laws of The United States of America, printed by
Richard Folwell, Philadelphia, 1796. |
